What is Bipolar Disorder? 6 Common Myths

It’s not uncommon for people to say things like, “I’m being so bipolar,” when in reality, they’re just feeling irritable or experiencing rapid mood swings. And while these can be symptoms of bipolar disorder, it isn’t the whole story. 

Bipolar disorder is a complex mental health condition known for its severe mood swings, including episodes of mania and depression. Additionally, there are different types of bipolar disorder, each having its own symptoms. Despite its prevalence, bipolar disorder is often misunderstood and surrounded by misconceptions and myths. 

So, what is bipolar disorder actually? And what are the symptoms? In this blog, we’re going to take a closer look at this often misunderstood mental health condition to eradicate some myths and share some insights. In the end, you should have a better idea of what bipolar disorder is and be more equipped to recognize the symptoms. 

What is Bipolar Disorder: A Brief Description  

Bipolar disorder is a mental health disorder that has extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). 

People who live with bipolar disorder often have unpredictable shifts in energy, mood, and activity level. These mood swings can go from manic episodes of elevated mood, extreme irritability, and energy to depressive episodes. 

Symptoms of manic episodes include:

• Feeling irritable, very up, high, or touchy 
• Feeling wired or jumpy
• Racing thoughts
• Lower need for sleep
• Fast-talking about many different things
• Excessive appetite for drinking, food, and other pleasurable things
• Feeling like you can do a lot of things without getting tired
• Feeling powerful or important 

Symptoms of depressive episodes include:

• Feeling sad, down, or anxious
• Feeling restless or slowed down
• Difficulty making decisions or concentrating
• Sleep difficulties and disturbances 
• Talking slowly and forgetting a lot 
• A lack of interest in activities
• An inability to do simple things
• Feeling worthless or hopeless 

Some people may have milder symptoms than others, and it may depend on the type of bipolar they have. 

Types of Bipolar Disorder

There are several distinctive types of bipolar disorder, including: 

• Bipolar I Disorder – Bipolar I disorder has manic episodes that last at least seven days or if manic symptoms are so severe that immediate hospital care is needed. Depressive episodes typically occur as well, lasting at least two weeks. 

• Bipolar II Disorder – Bipolar II disorder is characterized by a recurring pattern of depressive and hypomanic episodes, but it lacks the full-blown manic episodes seen in Bipolar I Disorder. 

• Cyclothymia – Characterized my frequent periods of hypomanic symptoms as well as frequent periods of depressive symptoms that last for at least two tears in adults. However, the symptoms are not completely manic or completely depressive.

Common Misconceptions About Bipolar Disorder

Even though 1 in 40 Americans live with bipolar disorder, there are still many persistent myths surrounding it. Here are some of the most common.

Myth #1: Bipolar disorder is just mood swings.

While mood swings are a hallmark feature of bipolar disorder, the condition involves more than just fluctuations in mood. It also affects energy levels, behaviors, and the ability to think clearly.  

Myth #2: Bipolar disorder is rare.

Bipolar disorder affects around 2.5% of the adult U.S. population, making it a relatively common mental health condition. 

Myth #3: Bipolar disorder is untreatable. 

Bipolar disorder is a highly treatable condition. With proper diagnosis, medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes, many people with bipolar disorder have healthy and fulfilling lives. 

Myth #4: People with bipolar disorder are always either manic or depressed. 

Many people with bipolar disorder experience periods of stability between mood episodes where their behavior and mood are considered normal. 

Myth #5: Bipolar disorder only affects mood. 

Bipolar disorder can also affect how you think, your energy levels, sleep patterns, and behavior, causing difficulty in various areas of life. 

Myth #6: Bipolar disorder is just a phase that will go away on its own. 

Bipolar disorder is a chronic or lifelong condition that requires continual management and treatment. While symptoms may improve with treatment, the condition typically requires long-term support and care. 

Also, Read: Which Type of Therapy is Right for Me?

How to Know If I Have Bipolar Disorder? 

Take a look at the common symptoms listed above. If you exhibit these symptoms, it could be a sign you have bipolar disorder. If you think you have bipolar disorder, you need to reach out to a mental health professional for evaluation. 

If you’re unsure about whether you have the signs and symptoms of this condition, consider taking a bipolar test or online evaluation. For more information on what that entails and what to do with your results, check out this resource from BetterHelp. 

Takeaway

Bipolar disorder affects millions of people worldwide. By understanding what bipolar disorder is and debunking common myths, we can foster greater awareness, reduce stigma, and encourage people to get help when needed. If you suspect you may have bipolar disorder or know someone who does, don’t hesitate to reach out to a qualified mental health professional for support and guidance.